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The main peak of Kanchenjunga is the second highest mountain in Nepal after Mount Everest, the third highest mountain in the world. Three of the five peaks main, central and south – are on the border between North Sikkim and Nepal.Two peaks are in the Taplejung District, Nepal. Kanchenjunga Main is the highest mountain in India, and the easternmost of the mountains higher than 8,000 meters. It is called Five Treasures of Snow after its five high peaks, and has always been worshipped by the people of Darjeeling and Sikkim. Until 1852, Kanchenjunga was assumed to be the highest mountain in the world, but calculations based on various readings and measurements made by the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India in 1849 came to the conclusion that Mount Everest, known as Peak XV at the time, was the highest. Allowing for further verification of all calculations, it was officially announced in 1856 that Kanchenjunga is the third highest mountain.
Kanchenjunga was first climbed on 25 May 1955 by Joe Brown and George Band, who were part of a British expedition. They stopped short of the summit as per the promise given to the Chogyal that the top of the mountain would remain inviolate. Every climber or climbing group that has reached the summit has followed this tradition.Other members of this expedition included John Angelo Jackson and Tom Mackinon. Kanchenjunga is the official spelling adopted by Douglas Freshfield, A. M. Kellas, and the Royal Geographical Society that gives the best indication of the Tibetan pronunciation. Freshfield referred to the spelling used by the Indian Government since the late 19th century.There are a number of alternative spellings including Kanchendzönga, Khanchendzonga, and Kanchenjunga. The Kanchenjunga landscape is a complex of three distinct ecoregions: the eastern Himalayan broad-leaved and coniferous forests, the Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows and the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands.The Kanchenjunga trans boundary landscape is shared by Bhutan, China, India and Nepal, and comprises 14 protected areas with a total of 6,032 km2.
